German Lawmakers & Anti-Semitism

I ran across this piece today. These are the kinds of questions and the issues I wonder about. I would answer the question asked at the end by saying, come and live here for a while, you'll know.

"Two weeks ago was the 70th anniversary of Kristallnacht. German society, now expert at such commemorations, gestured in all the appropriate ways. Angela Merkel visited the newly renovated Rykestrasse synagogue. Mozart’s Requiem was performed at the Gendarmenmarkt. All the newspapers featured reviews of a new exhibit about the burning and pillaging that augured worse to come. The public centerpiece of all this memorializing was to be a standard resolution, a statement of concern, really—unanimously supported by all the members of the Bundestag—decrying anti-Semitism and calling for renewed vigilance. It almost didn’t happen. When a vote finally took place on November 5, it was only after the ruling coalition of Christian and Social Democrats and the extreme left party had engaged in a brutal round of accusatory historical regurgitation. Der Spiegel said everyone concerned in the episode “should be red in the face with shame.” In the end, to avoid what would have been a full-blown fiasco, two separate statements for the dueling factions were produced and passed.

Why did this no-brainer of a resolution create such problems for German lawmakers?"

By Gal Beckerman

A Week In Glasgow & Edinburgh, Scotland

The Jacobsons in Edinburgh! After spending a few days in Glasgow and Edinburgh, it makes me long to live a creative, free life. Not bound by conventional standards that include the "9 to 5 grind" and all of the meaningless motions that we go through everyday for money. It's not that Glasgow or Edinburgh brought this out in me, they just made me very present to the fact that there is life beyond the monotony most people live, day in and day out.

Glasgow is a beautiful city. It's our second time here. However, it was our first visit to Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. There is a big difference between the two cities. Edinburgh draws a lot more tourists. Glasgow, not so much. While Edinburgh is worth a visit, we prefer Glasgow. We are not, and I repeat, not, fans of doing the "touristy" things. They are actually embarrassing to me. I know that sounds elitist, but that's how I feel. They are gross money traps that have very little or no cultural or human value. We avoid them like the plague. However, we found ourselves walking the "Royal Mile" yesterday, all the way to the castle. Every other store was full of plaid and kilts. Cheap, touristy plaid and kilts. It was gross. It reminded me people getting suckered into a "shell game" in a big city, only worse, they don't even have the illusion of winning anything, just dumping their quid.

The castle in Edinburgh Our visit was three-fold. First, we wanted a family holiday (vacation). It had been a while since we had a day or two to hang out and explore.

Secondly, we visited the "uni" or university with Summer. She wants to try to go to University of Glasgow. It's a beautiful campus/school. It's 550 years-old! It's amazing to walk on the campus and see all of the old buildings and grounds. Amazing. We were able to meet with an advisor and ask questions and get information about it. It went very well. The people in the UK, and all over Europe for that matter, are very lucky, they pay very little for higher education, if anything at all. We are looking at £9,400 per year, do the math.

And last, but not least, I was invited as a guest speaker/demonstrator by our friend, and fellow wet plate aficionado, Carl Radford. Carl is a great bloke! He and his wife, Liz (see earlier blog, May 2008) hosted the event. Carl invited several wet plate artists from all over the UK to attend this two-day get together. There were eight of us, talking, pouring plates, drinking tea and simply enjoying one another's company.  Jeanne, Summer and I were able to meet some great people on this trip. John Brewer from Manchester, Jo Gain from Coventry (or near there), Katie from Edinburgh, Claire from Wales, Chavonne (sp?) and Craig from Edinburgh or Glasgow, I can't remember.

The book store To say we got a lot out of this trip is an understatement. It was both productive and very, very enjoyable. The wet plate Collodion gathering was terrific. We also enjoyed the galleries and bookstores both in Glasgow and Edinburgh. We went to the GOMA (Gallery of Modern Art) with John and Jo in Glasgow. We met at a little place called, "The Social" and had an espresso. We just missed a Jo Spence show at the GOMA and wanted to see some photography. We ended up wandering into a place called, "Street Level Photography". They had a nice show of emerging artists/photographers there. There was some literature on the table and I found a card for a camera shop nearby. After the gallery, we walked to the camera store and started asking about old lenses. The owners said, "give us an hour and come back, we have some in the basement". So we went next door for some soup and a sandwich (and more espresso of course). An hour later, we went back and both John and Jo scored some nice wet plate lenses for a great deal. It was really cool.

Carl told us about a bookstore in Edinburgh called, "Beyond Words", nothing but photography books. It's small, but very much worth a visit. I saw some classic books as well as some new and interesting ones. I was thinking, "Mine should be in here... a taste of the wet plate world!" There was a little Phaidon book about Joel-Peter Witkin I almost picked up, but didn't. I will probably regret it.

Summer enjoying "Trainspotting" Summer picked up Irvine Welsh's book, "Trainspotting" (yes, like the movie - brilliant). She's almost finished it. A lot of it is in Scottish too! Here's an example, "Way tae fuck ya radge, ah say, shakin ma heid." Very difficult to read, huh?! And, yes, every other word in Scottish is the f-bomb. It's an adjective/modifier here.

I can't express how wonderful it is to walk into a bookstore and see all of the books in English, a language I'm (semi) fluent in! Brilliant!! We spent a lot of time doing things that we miss or don't have access to in Germany. Most people would think we're crazy, but we enjoy it.

This is our last trip for a wee bit.

Jewish Cemetery Vandalised With Pig's Head & Blood




Gotha, Germany Jewish Cemetery
Pictures of a shocking Nazi hate attack on a Jewish cemetery in the town of Gotha have horrified Germany.

 

A bloody pig’s head was found stuck to the middle of a Star of David on the graveyard gate at 5.30am yesterday. A sheet next to it, smeared with blood, held a chilling message: "6 million lies".

 

Nazism and hatred toward Jews (and people that are "different") is alive and well here in Germany. For those that think otherwise, you are completely misinformed. As this Bild article says, there were over 17,000 of these kinds of crimes committed last year here, 18 involving cemeteries. To desecrate cemeteries and disrespect the dead like this, speaks volumes to me. In a way, I feel sorry for these uneducated, misinformed souls. I would relish the opportunity to teach them about the history of the Jewish people - that would be wonderful.  

 

These kinds of things motivate me to "turn up the volume" on my project. I want to read about people that are trying show the truth and create discourse to help people learn the truth. The other side doesn't seem to get fair play on this topic. We'll see if we can change that.



This is a link to the Bild article (in English). Thank you Caron.
Credit: By OLIVER LÖHR and JAN MEYER

It just never stops....

Former E. German Synagogue Defaced
November 19, 2008

BERLIN (JTA) -- A newly renovated synagogue in the former East Germany was defaced with anti-Semitic graffiti, police reported.

It was the third act of vandalism against a Jewish site reported in the former East Germany in the last  two days.

According to reports, perpetrators painted anti-Semitic statements and illegal symbols in yellow on the front door of a synagogue in Goerlitz covering more than a square yard. The vandalism was discovered Monday.

Reached in Vienna, Alex Jacobowitz, the chairman of Goerlitz’s small Jewish community, said he would comment after seeing the police report.

The synagogue in Goerlitz, originally dedicated in 1909, was the only synagogue in the state of Saxony to survive the Kristallnacht pogrom of 70 years ago. It was reopened to the public following extensive renovations on the anniversary of Kristallnacht, Nov. 9.

Also Monday, two Jewish cemeteries in the former East German state of Thuringia were found defaced with red paint. In one case, the bloody head of a pig was hung on the cemetery’s iron gates. Police reportedly were able to retrieve evidence at the cemeteries in Gotha and Erfurt.

Welcome To Wien (Vienna), Austria

Rolls Royce in Wien!We arrived in Wien last night. It was a longer drive than expected due to a 2 hour Stau in Germany. However, we survived.

We have a nice apartment right off of Simmeringer Hauptstasse. The S-Bahn and U-Bahn are close and we explored downtown Vienna a little bit tonight. I saw where Hilter was rejected from (Academy of Art) and made me wonder how the world may have been different had they let him in here - great novel/screenplay waiting to be written. 

The workshop went very well today. One more day (tomorrow) and we'll wrap it up. The participants are motivated and off to a grand start! There are four students; Fritz, Reinhard, Stefan and Zoltan. Three are Austrian and Zoltan is from Budapest, Hungary.

Hypo versus KCN!

Remember, here in Vienna, I'm less than an hour from Bratislava, Slovokia and about 2 hours from Budapest, Hungary. I would like to take a week off and just go!

These are images from the workshop today. Showing the difference between sodium thiosulfate fix and potassium cyanide fix - amazing!

 

A sampling of the workshop plates.
 

 

Reinhard Reidinger

Wet Collodion Negatives Printed On Centennial POP

Here are a couple of prints I made today. I still have some "experimenting" to do before I fully commit to a "style" and "methodology" for printing wet plate Collodion negatives for my project. Today, I used Centennial POP and gold toned the prints. The "Broken Headstone" negative was intensified, "The Stairs" negative wasn't (but will be).

Cenntenial POP
This is the negative from yesterday (70th Anniversary of Kristallnacht) in the Seligenstadt cemetery printed on Centennial Printing Out Paper (POP) and toned with gold toner. It has amazing detail and is very beautiful when it's in your hand - this is a reasonable facsimile, I guess.
 

Cenntenial POP Detail

This is a detail of the broken headstone. This print looks really good. I may have wanted to tone it to a little cooler color, but I'm okay with it.

  

Cenntenial POP
You can see that the lack of contrast is a little bit annoying (although it does look like a painting and the color is quite nice). This negative has not been intensified, once I do that ,and then print it, it will have contrast. I can color the color, to some extent, with the toner. The shorter the time, the warmer the color, the longer the toning time, the cooler the color.

P.S.

Centennial POP is no longer made - sad, but true.

 

The 70th Anniversary of "Kristallnacht - The Night of Broken Glass"

Today is a very important day for me, and for a lot of other people, too. It's the 70th anniversary of Kristallnacht.

Quinn making the exposure for a negative in the Seligenstadt Jewish Cemetery.

The Story

Over the last 2 1/2 years, I've spent a lot of time researching, reading, talking to people and making photographs about this event. Specifically, I've been making portraits and photographs of sites where something sacred was destroyed or people were murdered. Over the next 2 years, I'm going to continue to do the same thing. My goal is to have a body of work (when I leave here) that will communicate the feelings, knowledge and information that I've acquired in my time here as it relates to "otherness", specifically being Jewish in Germany in the middle of the 20th century.

In a perfect world, I would have wanted to have a show hanging in a gallery today somewhere in Germany about Kristallnacht. I didn't know that was almost an impossible thing to do. Maybe next year, I'm not even sure about that though. I wondered what I could do beyond burning a candle and saying a prayer (nothing wrong with that).

Quinn photographing the two headstones that weren't destroyed on Kristallnacht.I was in Seligenstadt (it means "blessed city") last week and wanted to photograph the Friedhof (cemetery) but didn't have access. You need a key, and in order to get a key, you need to write a letter to people in Frankfurt explaining why you want access. Why all of the bureaucracy? Because this cemetery, along with the synagogue in Seligenstadt was destroyed on Kristallnacht. And, believe it or not, there are still people today that want to do bad things to these places and to these people. There's still a lot of bad feelings and hatred toward Jews here. I don't blame them for wanting to know who wants in and why. The short story is, that I wrote the letter and got access.

 Friedhof - Seligenstadt, GermanySo, today, on the 70th anniversary of Kristallnacht, I was in Seligenstadt making photographs inside the cemetery. I was trying to honor both the place and the people that suffered and died there. The cemetery was destroyed on 10 November. The stones were either destroyed or taken away and used in other construction projects. Some were stored in a basement just a few houses from the cemetery. The cemetery was then turned over to the horses and cows as a grazing pasture. Can you imagine? It upsets me just writing this. 

As I was making images today, there was an old German man that approached me and started telling me about his experience. He was 11 years-old during Kristallnacht. He told me that "today is the 70th anniversary". I told him that's why I was there. He also told me that the perpetrators that destroyed both the cemetery and the synagogue "got away with it, they were never held accountable and they spent their lives in Seligenstadt and no one ever said anything else about it." He went on to say, "they were in church (Catholic) every Sunday just like everyone else." He was (or at least acted) upset. He said that the Germans that attacked the Jews of Seligenstadt and carried out Göbbles wishes that night/morning are all dead now. However, none of them, not one, was ever held accountable for their actions as the old German man said. They weren't SA or Nazis either (at least not in uniform). They were the (average) Germans citizens from Seligenstadt. This was the rule, not the exception, for Kristallnacht. It's simple math, there weren't enough of Hitler's (official) thugs to do all of this. To make it happen, on the scale that it did, the (average) Germans got involved. People today, tend to think that Hitler and all of his thugs marched into every little village and murdered, beat, raped, and deported all of the Jews and destroyed all of their property. The truth is much more frightening than that, a lot of times, it was their neighbors.

"Hebrew Headstone" 8"x10" Black Glass Ambrotype There was a tour guide taking a group of Germans around Seligenstadt showing them the Jewish history in the city. Until the 1930s, Jews had been in that village since the 13th century, and sometimes, in significant numbers. The Germans today in Seligenstadt are very kind and they are very open to discuss their history and the Germans role in it. They are the farthest thing from Nazis.

I got a lift when the tour guide requested that all of the men in the group have a head covering. She explained (in German and as much as I could understand) that it was to show respect for the dead and God. It was the strangest thing in the world to see a German man putting on a kippa/yarmulke. Wow! it blew my mind, I just stood there grinning.

The Photographs

The images I made today, especially the broken headstone, sum up the emotions and feelings I have about this event and this place. It's broken, that's easy enough to see. Shall we talk about it being broken? Shall we act like things are okay now? It's mysterious and complicated too. Like these images, it is a bit out of place and out of time. It's disturbing and nagging. I feel like it begs to be examined, talked about, and revealed for what it is. This is what I feel these images do for me. They act as a catalyst, a place to start discourse - something to talk about. That's all I can hope my work does. And if it does that, I've succeeded beyond my wildest dreams.

Quinn holding the wet Collodion Negative of the Hebrew Headstone. I apologize for the less than perfect reproductions here, but you can get the idea of what I did. I made three 8x10 plates today. It was raining, cold and I didn't feel 100% either. I had to do this though and I'm glad I did. I made two Black Glass Ambrotypes and one negative. As I mentioned in the last post, I'm mostly concerned with making prints. Hopefully, Tuesday, I will make prints of both of the Seligenstadt negatives. I'll post them if I do.

One more thing, there was a journalist from the Offenbach Post doing a story on me. He shot a lot of photos of me and Jan (thank you!) gave him a lot of important information about me, the project and the process. He seemed to really, really dig it. It was a lot of fun, in that context. He had me posing and holding images, my camera, etc. I'm looking forward to seeing what he does with the article. I hope to get a little more attention and maybe a show here next year - we'll see, it's a different world here.

Thank you, Jan and Summer. I couldn't have done this without your help and belief in this project. It will pay off, trust me.

Quinn processing a plate in the darkbox, Summer reading a magazine on contemporary German photography and Jan snaps this photo.
Armin Wronski (newspaper) waiting as I make an exposure.
Armin having me "pose" for a "proper" newspaper photo. No plate/plateholder, all fake!

Ich War Ein Berliner Für Drei Tage

Berlin is redeemed.

The first visit I had to Berlin in April of this year (2008), wasn't very good (if you're real curious, look in April 2008 of this blog). It wasn't that I didn't enjoy it, I just didn't "get it".

Berlin is one of those cities that you have to know to enjoy it. I would say it's analogous to wine, it gets better with time. I'm not saying that three days in Berlin gave me the knowledge I needed to enjoy Berlin, I'm saying you can "piggy back" on friends that know the city, and that's what I did.

Jessica and Steven (hosts of the workshop), showed us around the cool, artsy areas of Berlin. And yes, some of them looked like they were hit with an "art bomb" (thanks to Mike Doughty). We visited Kreuzberg, Mitte, Prenzlauer Berg and of course, Wedding (where the studio was and our apartment was). These are small (not really small in size, but concept) villages within Berlin. They are distinct in culture, and flavor too. We had dinner at places varied as Indian-Thai, Lebanese, and Italian. Art and "the other" all around us, all of the time.

Berlin Synagogue We were walking down Oranienburger Str. and I look up and see these huge ornate gold balls/domes. I immediately recognize it as the New Synagogue. It's really huge and really beautiful. The Synagogue was burned during Kristallnacht (November 9, 1938) but the blaze was put out before much damage was done. The Nazis occupied the building in 1940 and desecrated the Synagogue by using it for storage. The Nazis also destroyed the Jewish cemetery in Berlin. The Synagogue sustained severe damage by Allied bombs during the war and for years it was left as an empty shell. Restoration began in 1988 and the Synagogue was reopened on May 7, 1995, the 50th anniversary of the German surrender. Like many of the Synagogues it is guarded around the clock.

Jessica and Steven were incredibly kind and were great hosts. We had a wonderful time enjoying the sights, flavors and sounds of Berlin. It's an amazing city if you know what you are doing.

Summer and I went to Berlin to do a workshop. Jessica attended one of my workshops in Barcelona and asked if I would do one in Berlin at her studio. Having had a marginal time in Berlin in April, I said, "yes!". She did a lot of work to make it happen. We had four people in the workshop (including Jessica). Claire from London, Jan from Berlin and Steven from Berlin. Jessica and Steven are studio mates and are American. Claire is British and Jan is German. We had a lot of fun. I really enjoy the diversity and the personalities in these workshops.

 

SOME WORKSHOP PHOTOS

The group cleaning glass.

Claire making a portrait of Summer. That's Steven crouching down (on the right). We had to open the windows for every exposure because the glass was UV protected - Collodion needs UV light to make a photograph.
A POP print (from a negative) I did of Jan. This was a 30 second exposure. I fixed in hypo, intensified with a very mild bleach and 15% AGNo3 solution and printed and toned on P.O.P. This was a demonstration on how to make negatives. His eyes in the print are striking!


Steven's boy, Jaden. He was a great little model for Steven. This is a 5x7 Black Glass Ambrotype. It's a beautiful plate, flaws and all.

Claire heats an 8x10 Black Glass Ambrotype to varnish it. This is another portrait of Jan. He was a great subject/sitter. This image was made right on the end of the UV for the day and has a very "dark" feeling - figuratively and literally - a very nice photograph.
  Jessica looking over the day's work.

  
Steven finishes the varnishing of his portrait.

Summer plays us out at the end of the workshop as Claire, Jan and Jessica look at, and talk about the photos.
Thank you Jessica, Steven, Jan and Claire. I really enjoyed my time in Berlin. I'm looking forward to a return visit.

Thank you Summer. You're a wonderful wet-head assistant and a talented, intelligent, beautiful and creative human being. I couldn't have done it without you. I love you.

German Town Nixes Kristallnacht Ceremony

The German town of Görlitz is refusing to allow its Jewish community to hold its own ceremony marking Kristallnacht.

After Kristallnacht. Instead, the only ceremony marking the 70th anniversary of the Kristallnacht pogrom will be held by the local Protestant church, which has traditionally focused on all victims of the Third Reich.

The small Jewish community had planned to bring a Torah scroll from Dresden into a newly renovated synagogue, which dates from 1909. It is the only synagogue to have survived Kristallnacht in the state of Saxony.

But the city insists that ceremonies must be secular and inclusive. The former synagogue was deconsecrated after the 1938 pogrom. Following its six-year renovation, the structure now has room for 230 guests.

"The city has canceled the entire event planned by the Jewish community and the Society for the Promotion of the Synagogue," which was to include several performances and speeches,  Alex Jacobowitz, cantor and chairman of the town's tiny Jewish community, told JTA.

He insisted that the Jewish community's program would be inclusive.

The Society for the Promotion of the Synagogue is a secular group authorized to hold ecumenical events in the building. It cooperates with the Jewish community. Now, only the ceremony run by the local Protestant church is still scheduled to take place in the building.

The city bought the synagogue from the remnant Dresden Jewish community in 1963, and then formally purchased it again from the Claims Conference after German unification, according to Jacobowitz, a musician who came from New York to Germany in 1991.

The approximately 30-member Jewish community has held services in a small sanctuary within the building for about a year, Jacobowitz said.

Story from JTA - http://www.jta.org/cgi-bin/iowa/breaking/110844.html

Kristallnacht Remnants Unearthed Near Berlin

A huge dumping ground for the destroyed remains of Jewish property plundered during Kristallnacht has been found north of Berlin by an investigative journalist.

The destruction from Kristallnacht. The site, which is the size of four football pitches, in Brandenburg, contains an extensive array of personal and ceremonial items looted during orchestrated nationwide riots against Jewish property and places of worship on the night of November 9 1938. It is believed the goods were brought by rail to the outskirts of the village and dumped on designated land.

Yaron Svoray, the Israeli journalist who made the discovery, said it was a happy coincidence that he had stumbled across the artifacts so close to the 70th anniversary of the pogrom, also known as the Night of Broken Glass. (The Full Article Here - from The Guardian)
Photo: Jewish shops laid waste on Kristallnacht in 1938. Battmann/Corbis

I'm headed to Berlin Friday (24th Oct), I would really like to check this out. I doubt I could get anywhere near it though. I'm not even sure they've released the exact location yet. Here's a video of Yaron talking about what he found.

"We're Cleaning Up In Hessen"

This says, "We're Cleaning Up"

It's disturbing, and scary, when I see these kinds of blatant displays of hate and racism in a country like this.

It's from a political party here called "National Democratic Party". One poll cites that the majority of the population in Germany considers the NPD to be undemocratic and damaging to the image of the country. The NPD is viewed by its opponents and the mainstream media as a de facto neo-Nazi organization. The party opposes the increasing number of non-whites, Jews, and Muslims living in Germany. Don't misunderstand me, I think they should have the right to speak and express themselves. What I worry about is the fragility of this culture and inciting the people here. This is a very fragile place that way.

This poster says, "We're Cleaning Up" and the other one says, "We're Cleaning Up In Hessen". We live in Hessen. Think about the metaphor of cleaning up as it relates to this history. And the sheep! Wow! I suppose they know their demographic.

I'm not saying that if I lived in the United States, my neighbors would be tolerant and peaceful. However, I wonder if I drove down the street in Littletown, USA if I would see something like this?

"We're Cleaning Up In Hessen!"